Connected studs.



Patented on. 31,- I899. 4

' B. NORMAN.

CONNECTED STUDS.

(Application filed Aug. 1, 1999.)

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UNITED STATES PATENT FErcE.

BRADFORD NORMAN, OF PORTSMOUTH, RHODE ISLAND, ASSIGNOR TO MABEL NORMAN, OF NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND.

CONNECTED STU DS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 635,971, dated October 31, 1899.

Application filed August 1, 1899.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, BRADFORD NORMAN, a citizen of the U nited'States, residing at South Portsmouth, in the county of Newport, State of Rhode Island, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Connected Studs; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same. I

This invention relates to means for connecting shirt-studs in sets to thereby prevent loss, and has for its object to provide such connecting means of simple construction which while permitting the studs to be used in garments having stud-holes at different distances apart will eifectually prevent entanglement of the studs with the connecting means or the formation of knots therein when the studs are detached from the garment.

With this object in View my invention consists of the parts and combinations as hereinafter fully described, and definitely pointed out in the claims.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 illustrates one form of my invention, wherein the studs are connected by distancepieces and short chain-sections. Fig. 2 shows another form, wherein the studs are connected by distance-pieces and short springs; and Fig. 8 illustrates still another form, in which the studs are connected by distance-pieces free to slide upon each other.

It is desirable when studs are to be used in sets of two or more to connect them together to prevent accidental loss of one or more, which would destroy the set. Such connection has heretofore been made by means of chains, tapes, and like flexible devices; but in all such cases when the studs are removed from the garment the connecting device would often become knotted and at times so seriously entangled with the studs as to necessitate breaking of some of the parts, resulting in serious loss. I have overcome these obj ections by forming the connecting means as spacing or distance pieces, which normally hold the studs in proper relation to each other when taken from the garment and prevent any entanglement or knotting, and in order Serial No. 726,798. (No model.)

to permit the use of the set of studs s0 connested in garments wherein the stud-holes are at different distances apart I connect the studs and distance-pieces in such manner that the studs may be adjusted toward or from each other, as will hereinafter appear.

In Fig. 1 the studs a a a are held in rela-- tion to each other to prevent entanglement by the distance-pieces b b, which are preferably formed of wire or rods and connected to the end studs by the end chains 0 c, the end links 0 of which embrace the shanks of the end studs, and to the center stud by the center chain (1, the middle link d of which embraces the shank of the stud. Thus while the distance-pieces serve to connect the studs in a set and overcome the objection of en tanglement and knotting that takes place in the old forms of flexible connections-referred to the chains admit of a certain amount of adjustment of the studs toward and from each other to meet the requirements of different garments. These chains are not long enough to become knotted, yet they serve to give flexibility and adj ust-ability to the connection.

The form of connection shown by Fig. 2 consists of the distance-pieces b b, as in Fig. 1; but instead of the chains 0 and d to con- .nect the studs and distance-pieces a spring 6 is interposed between each stud and the adjacent end of the distance-piece I). These springs e are preferably formed as part of the distance-pieces b b, a spring being formed on each end of the distance-piece'and connected to the flange of the adjacent stud, as clearly indicated at e, Fig. 2. It will be obvious, of course, that the springs 6 can be made separate from and connected to the distance-pieces in the same manner as they are connected to the flanges of the studs, and such construct-ion needs no illustration.

In the modification shown by Fig. 3 the distance-pieces b b are each united to an end stud a. by passing the end of the distancepiece around the shank of the stud in the form of an eye, as at h. The opposite end of each distance-piece b is turned into an eye f to embrace the adjacent portion of the other distance-piece, as will be evident from Fig. 3. Thus a sliding connection is formed between the two distance-pieces, and the middle stud a is mounted on both distance pieees between the eyes ff, a hole 9 being provided in the shank of the stud to permit the passage therethrough of both distance-pieces, as will be clearly apparent. The eyes f f on the dis tance-pieces may act as stops to limit the sliding movement of the middle stud. By the flexible nature of the short chain-sections of the construction shown by Fig. 1 or the spring connections between the studs and distancepieces of the construction shown by Fig. 2 or the sliding connection between the distancepieces themselves of the form of construction shown by Fig. 3 a ready positioning of the studs may be had to suit garments wherein the stud-holes are dililerent distances apart, and yet when detached from the garment the distance-pieces will effectually prevent the occurrence of knots or entanglements in the stud connections.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. The combination of a plurality of shirtstuds, rigid distance-pieces serving to hold the studs in separated relation to each other, and endwise-movable connections between the studs to permit a ready adjustment of the studs toward and from each other.

2. The combination of a plurality of shirtstuds, rigid distance-pieces serving to hold the studs in separated relation to each other, and endwise-movable connections between the studs, and distance-pieces to permit adjustment of the studs toward and from each other.

3. The combination of a plurality of shirtstuds, rigid distance-pieces serving to hold the studs in separated relation to each other,

and chain-seetions connecting the studs with the ends of the rigid distance-pieces.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

BRADFORD NORMAN.

lVitnesses:

WM. J. II. STEWART, H. W. HARE PowEL. 

